Brush-holder for dynamos.



Patented Aug. 27, 1918. 9 22 P- 1 INVENTOR WITNESSES mvrrnn STATESPATENT onmon.

JOHN L. CREVELIN G, OF NEW YQBK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB, TO SAFETY CAR HEATINGAND LIGHTING COMPANY, A. GORPORATION- OF NEW JERSEY.

BRUSH-HOLDER FoanYNAMos.

Specification of Letters Patent.-

Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

Application filed September 2 9, 1911, Serial No. 651,892. RcnewedMay28, 1918. Serial No.-237,172.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. GREVELING, a resident of New York, in thecounty and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Brush- Holders for Dynamos, as set forth in the annexedspecification and drawing, forming a part thereof.

My invention pertains to that class of dynamos in which the armature issubject to reversals in direction of rotation and has for its particularobject to provide means whereby the current delivered to the dynamo toline will remain uni-directional regardless of such reversals.

Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal section and elevation of a generatorcomprehending my invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of a dynamo comprehending my invention.

The section shown in Fig. 1 is taken on the line CD of Fig. 2 as viewedfrom the right.

Th section shown in Fig. 2 is taken on the line A-B of Fig. 1 as viewedfrom the right.

In the drawing 1 represents the armature of a dynamo provided with theusual commutator 2 and carried by the shaft 3, one end of which issupported in the usual bearing contained within the end member 4.

The member 1 is provided with a flanged portion 5 and united to theshell. or field frame. 6 as by screws 7 The member l: is provided withthe extension 8 and the hearing extension 9. The extension 8 carries theannular member, or sleeve, 10 securely held thereon as by screws 11 andprovided at one edge with the groove or race 12. The member 10 carriesfour projecting arms 13 which support the annular ring 15 as byextensions 14; and arms 30. The ring 15 is provided with a groove, orrace,1-6. The extension 8 carries the hollow magnet frame 17 which maybe cast integral therewith if desired and provided with a winding 7 18so as to form an annular electromagnet. The brushes 19 are carried bythe brush- .boxes 20 which are carried by the arms 21 provided withoffset sheaves or rollers 22 adapted to register with the grooves 12 and16 in the rings 10 and 15. The arms 21 are mechanicallyunited tothebrush-boxes 20 as shown in the figures and insulated therefrom asindicated, and the arms nearest the magnet 1718 are preferably made ofmagnetic material and provided with the shoes or plates 23 adapted toserve as arinatures for the electromagnet 1718 when the same is excited.The brush carriages are placed around the commutator with their wheelsor sheaves 22 properlyengaging the grooves or races 12 and 16, and thenthe carriages are united any suitable means as by springs 2 1 tending tohold the same firmly in proper rotatable relation upon the tracks 1216.25 represents the leads .by which electrical communication is made, withthe various brushes and each has one end connected with a member 26carried by a brush-box and the opposite end connected with an insulatedmember 27 carried upon an extension 11 and to -which electricalcommunication may be made as by the nuts 28. Openings 29 are cut in thegenerator shell so as to enable one to readily reach the commutator andbrush rigging? The operation of my invention is substantially asfollows:

If the armature be considered as revolv-V ing slowly in such directionthat its uppermost part in Fig. 1' is moving toward the observer, thebrushes 19resting upon the commutator 2'will drag the carriages aroundthe tracks 12 and 16 until arrested by some suitable stop, in thisinstance indicated as the leads'25, which are flexible and sodimensioned and arranged as'to stop the carriages when the brushes areproperly disposed withregard to the axes of commutation. Ifnow the speedof the generator increase until its electro notive force is appreciable,or approaching a useful value, the electromagnet l7-18 will becomeenergized and attract the shoes 28. This will cause the beveled sheaves22 to be raised slightly in their tracks against the pull of springs 24and the shoes 23 will be drawn toward the magnet 1718 until the samebecome frozen against its face and held permanently in fixed positionswhere they will be held as long as the generator speed remainssuflicient to be useful. As the magnet1718 willhold'the shoes firmly,the brushes will be held free from vibration and undue strain will notbe broughtupon the leads 25 when the armature is revolving at highspeed. Further, any tendency to chattering of the brushes will beavoided and the wheels 22 and races 12 and 16 Will be free from Wearowing to the firm support of the brushboxes by the shoes 23. If now thegenerator be stopped, its electroi'notive force will fall to zero andthe electromagnet 1718 will release the shoes 23 and, as the sheaves 22and grooves 12 and 16 present beveled faces, the springs 24 will causethe sheaves 22 to bottom in the grooves as shown in Fig. 1 and thusslightly remove the shoes 23 from the face of the magnet 1718. If thenthe armature be revolved in the reverse direction, the brushes 19 willdrag the brush carriages around with the commutator until theirrevolution is arrested by the leads 25 at the proper axes of commutationto retain the current delivered uni-directional throughout reversals inrotation; and if the armature now revolve until its electromotive forcebe appreciable, the magnet 17-18 will again attract the shoes 28,raising the sheaves 22 slightly in the grooves 12 and 16 and hold thebrush-boxes firmly in position as outlined above. If at any time it bedesired to remove the brush carriages this may readily be done byreleasing the springs 24 and the entire brush carriages can then bedrawn through the openings and examined or repaired and if necessary toremove the same entirely, this can be readily accomplished by simplybacking off the nuts 28 and releasing the leads 25.

From the foregoing it will be plain that I have produced a generator,the current of which will be of constant direction regardless ofreversals in direction of rotation of the armature and in which thebrushes are held in carriages which may readily be removedwithoutotherwise dismantling the generator. Further, that the carriages arereadily revoluble'when necessary or desiredthat the same should berevolved, and rigidly held in place when it is desired that they shouldbe held in fixed positions.

I make no claim herein tovthe broad idea of magnetic means for holdingthe brushes broad idea of means of flexible devices or I means forlimiting the movemen't of the brushes in combination with magnetic meansfor holding the brushes from movement to relieve strain upon theflexible means, nor the broadidea of means of supporting the brushesupon the commutator, in combination with means for restraining themovement of the brushes, nor the broad idea of means securing thebrushes together about the commutator, as all such means and features ofmy invention are, in the proper combinations, made the subject of myapplication filed September 25, 1911, Serial No. 651,022. Nor do I makeany claim in this application to the broad idea of means of havingbrush-holders or supporting means capable of moving in the direction ofthe axis of the armature, since the same is covered by the claims in mypatent granted September 8, 1914, No. 1,109,901.

I do not wish in any way to limit myself to the exact construction shownin the drawing which is given merely to illustrate one type of dynamocomprehending my invention, for it is obvious that wide departure may bemade in the way of construction without departing from the spirit andscope of my invention which is as set forth in the following claims: 7

1. In a generator having a field-frame provided with an end member; acommutator Within said frame and brushes in operative communicationtherewith; brushholders and means for connecting the same about thecommutator; and means connected to said end member affording the entiresup port for the brush-holders at opposite ends thereof.

2. In a generator having a field-frame provided with an end member; acommutator and brushes in operative communication therewith;brush-holders and means for connecting the same about the commutator;means for supporting the holders at opposite ends thereof; sustainingmeans for said supporting means mounted upon the end member; and meansfor allowing and restraining rotation of the brush-holders,

3. In a generator provided with a com-' mutator, the combination withbrush-holders and brushes carried thereby in operative relation to saidcommutator; means for connecti ng the brush-holders yieldingly about thecommutator; carrying means comprehending devices at opposite ends of theholders; and means whereby said holders may have movement in differentangular directions in relation to said commutator.

4. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination with brushcarrying means and brushes carried thereby in operative relation to saidcommutator, of means for supporting said brush carrying meanscomprehending movable bearing members at opposite ends thereof, meansfor supporting said members in movable relation to said commutator andmeans for restraining the movement thereof; f

5. A generator having a commutator; brushes in operative communicationtherewith; a plurality of independent means carrying the brushes; aplurality of independent means rotatable respectively with thebrush-carrying means and insulated therefrom for supporting the latter;sustaining means for said rotatable means; and magnetic means forrestraining the brush-carrying means at predetermined intervals.

6. A generator having a commutator, brushes in operative communication,therewith, means for supporting said brushes comprehending rotatablemeans supporting the brush carrying means at opposite ends thereof,supporting means supporting said rotatable means and electromagneticmeans, for periodically restraining said brush carrying means.

7. A generator having a commutator, brushes in operative communicationtherewith, means for supporting said brushes comprehending rotatablemeans supporting the brush carrying means at opposite ends thereof,supporting means for said rotatable means means for allowing andrestraining rotation of the brush carrying means, and electromagneticmeans for periodically restraining said brush carrying means.

8. A generator having a commutator, brushes in operative communicationtherewith, means for carrying said brushes, rotatable means supportingthe brush carrying means at opposite ends thereof, supporting means forsaid rotatable means, means for allowing and restraining rotation of thebrush carrying means, and independent means for restraining the brushcarrying means.

9. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination With brushcarrying means and brushes carried thereby in operative relation to saidcommutator, of means for upporting said brush carrying meanscoirgrehending movable members at opposite ends thereof, means forsupporting said 'members in movable relation to said commutator, andelectromagnetic means for periodically restraining said brush carryingmeans.

10. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination with aplurality of independent brush carrying means; brushes carried therebyin operative relation to said commutator; means for con necting thebrush-carrying means to hold them around and upon the commutator; ofmeans disposed at opposite ends of said brush-carrying means forsupporting the latter in definite relation to the commutator; means forshifting said carrying-means relatively to said commutator; and meansfor periodically restraining the brush-carrying means.

11. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination Withbrush carrying means and brushes carried thereby in operative relationto said commutator, of means for supporting said brush carrying meanscomprehending movable bearing members at opposite ends thereof, meansfor supporting said members in movable relation to said commutator,means for restraining the movement thereof, and electromagnetic meansfor periodically restraining the brush carrying means.

12. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination Withbrush-carrying means and brushes carried thereby in Operative relationto said commutator; of means for supporting said brusli-can'ying meanscomprehending bearing members at opposite ends thereof; means forsupporting said members permitting movements thereof in diflerentangulardirections in relation to said commutator; and a plurality ofindependent means for restraining the movement of the brush-carryingmeans.

13. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination of aplurality of independent brush-carrying means; brushes carried therebyin frictional. contact With said connnutator; a plurality of independentmeans for supporting said brush-carrying means in rotatable relation tosaid commutator and so the friction of the brushes upon said commutatormay move the brushcarrying means therewith; and stops cooperatingrespectively vvith said brushc-a rrying means to limit the rotationthereof.

14:. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination ofbrush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relationtosaid commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying meansindependently in rotatable relation to said commutator, said supportingmeans comprehending movable supporting means and.

means for supporting the same; and means for holding said brushesyieldingly together and in engagement With the commutator.

15. In a generator provided With a commutator, the combination ofbrush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relation tosaid commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying means inrotatable relation to said commutator, said supporting meanscomprehending independently movable supporting means and means forsupporting the same; and means tending to draw the brush-carrying meanstoward said commutator.

16. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination ofbrush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relation tosaid commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying means inrotatable relation to said commutator and With a capability of axialmovement relative to the commutator, said supporting means comprehendingmovable supporting means and means for supporting the same; and meansfor restraining. the axial move- &

ment of the brush-carrying means with reference to the commutator.

17. In a generator provided With a com mutator, the combination ofbrush-carrying means; brushes carried thereby in operative relation tosaid commutator; means for supporting said brush-carrying means independently in rotatable relation to said commutator, said supporting meanscomprehending movable supporting means and means for supporting thesame; and means for restraining the revolution of the brusl1- carryingmeans at opposite axes of commutation.

18. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination of aplurality of independent brush-holders; brushes carried thereby inoperative relation to said commutator; a plurality of independentlymovable means for supporting said brush-holders in rotatable relation tosaid commutator; and magnetic means adjacent the movable means forrestraining the movement of the brushes about the con'imutator.

19. In a generator provided with a commutator, the combination of aplurality of independent brush-holders; brushes carried thereby inoperative relation to said commutator; a plurality of independentlymovable'means for supportin said brush-holders in rotatable relation tosaid commutator; and magnetic means adjacent the movable means forperiodically restraining the brush-carrying means.

20. In a generator, the combination with a commutator; of brush-holdingdevices arranged ciroumferentially of the latter; means for yieldinglyconnecting the brushholders together; means adjacent the commutator forsupporting said brush-holders; 40 magnetic means for moving thebrush-holders axially with respect to the commutator; and meanscooperating with the supporting means for moving the brush-holdersradially simultaneously with the axial movement thereof.

21. In a generator, the combination of a commutator; a brush-holdingdevice associated with said commutator and mounted to be movable axiallywith respectto said commutator; means for producing said axial movement;and means for engaging the brush-holder and shaped to cause the same tomove radially away from the commutator when said axial movement iseffected.

22. The combination of a generator, and a commutator; a brush-holderassociated with the commutator and mounted for movement bothcircumferentially and axially with respect thereto; means for causingthe brush-holder to have axial movement; said means engaging thebrush-holder to secure the same against further movement; and means alsoengaging the brush-holder, and shaped to cause the same to move radially5 away from the commutator when the axial movement is efiected.

JOHN L. CYREVELING.

Witnesses ANNA M. WALL, M. Hnnsnovnz,

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

- Washington, D. G.

